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Argentina: Littoral - Rosario
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he Guaycurúes was the native group integrated by the Tobas, Abipones, Pilagás and Mocovíes that lived in the region. They were hunters of pecaríes and tapires, they collected carob tree, to chañar, mistol, higos of tuna and cogollos of palm, also practiced the fishing with networks.
In the precise place where today this the city, was no stable establishment of natives but if in the surrounding zone.
Been born towards 1665 like a small rural village of the Pago de los Arroyos, to the south of the Caracarañá river, it was growing slowly.
The 29 of August of 1689, the Commander in chief Don José Heffera and Sotomayor gave to Juan Romero de Pineda the Concession him of these earth. After their death, these were divided between their daughters. To Juana Romero de Pineda it corresponded to him in inheritance the Territorial Sector where is present Governing Villa Gálvez.
The Captain Don Luis Romero de Pineda takes possession from the Favor of the Saladillo, in 1689, soon Payment of Streams and forms his stay of the Immaculate Conception.
On 1702, the Captain Domingo Gómez Recio founds the Chapel of the Conception in Pago de los Arroyos.
In 1723, they arrive groups of calchaquíes that reduced previously in the zone of the Salty one, had to be transferred by aggressions of other natives.
Other settlers around the chapel and next to ravines of Paraná, some of originating them of Santa Fe besieged by the natives and attracted others were adding themselves from the north of Buenos Aires.
When in this zone the cattle wealth was growing, became necessary to define the Jurisdiction on the same one, settling down the limite with Arroyo del Medio: to the North, jurisdiction of the Town hall of Santa Fe; to the South, jurisdiction of the Town hall of Buenos Aires.
In 1725, a permanent mayor names and in 1730 the ecclesiastical authorities, along with the governor of the River of the Silver, have the creation the Curato of Streams.
The 23 of October of 1730 the Town hall of Buenos Aires by request of the Governor and Commander of the Rio de La Plata in chef Don Bruno Mauricio de Zabalía, creates the Parish of the Pago de los Arroyos.
Between years 1733 and 1742 the figure of the Lieutenant of Governor stands out Francisco J. Echague and Andía, possessor of a deep knowledge of the Indians, that in the same way obtains La Paz with the mocovíes towns and abipones, by which he is respected, that by the neighbors and other members of the Town hall.
Until its death it will untiringly work to maintain the pacification and to reactivate the economic life and the poblamiento of the region.
In 1740 the Stay of the Conception is sold and is Captain Santiago Montenegro who buys the strip that flanks the streams Saladillo and Ludueña, and makes donation of a lot to the Virgin Santisima of the Rosario for his temple.
In 1757, the title of "Parish begins to be used Our Lady of the Rosario, Curato of Arroyos", being the cures parish priest Dr. Francisco de Cosio and Terán.
The 27 of February of 1812 the Gral. Manuel Belgrano comes to the Creation of the National flag under the shelter under the shelter of the Virgin of the Rosario.
In 1819, the town of Rosary is set afire by the troops of Buenos Aires sent by Juan Ramón Balcarce, being saved of the fire the chapel.
In 1823, the village is honest with the title of "Illustre y Fiel Villa de Rosario" counting on 1000 inhabitants and in December, the civilian authorities and the town solemnly swear the Virgin of the Rosario like pattern.
The 5 of August of 1852, the governor Domingo Crespo promulgated the law that declared to Rosario like city. This date date of foundation is considered although, without doubt, the same one was the product of very many years of historical ups and downs that happened in the place.
The rosarinos participated actively in the process that the constitutional organization of the country lead, inasmuch as the neighbors of until then Villa of the Rosary, helped in decisive form to the campaign of Caretakers, revolting and marching to fight with the general Justo José de Urquiza.
Until then, the villa had undergone the delay of the centralism of Buenos Aires. Its natural harbor, that offered excellent perspective him from the point of view of the free commerce, had been closed to the foreign ships by a decree of governor of Buenos Aires, Juan Manuel de Rosas of the 22 of January of 1841. By this disposition navigation by the rivers Paraná and Uruguay to the ships was prevented that did not have Argentine patent, delaying the aspirations of the rosarino town by ten years.
After the battle of Caretakers, in whom they fought two battalions of rosarinos under the orders of the general lieutenant Juan Agustín Fernandez and of the greater Dámaso Centeno, the dreams of this town began to take shape.
The 20 of December of 1858 the provincial legislature sanctioned the law of Constitution of the Municipality of Rosario, composed of ten policemen and three substitutes, presided over by the Political Head of the Department, elect authority from Santa Fe.  |
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