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Argentina: Littoral - Posadas
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osadas, bathed by the river.
On the ravine of the Paraná river one is Inns, capital of Misiones. Border with the Paraguayan city of Encarnación, they are united by the bridge the International San Roque González de Santa Cruz.
According to the archaeological studies made esteem that the territory missionary was inhabited by the indigenous towns from about 10,000 years back.
The natives who lived in different regions, were: Tobas, Matacos (wuichi) and Pilagás, and another group of natives near the coast of the Alto Pilcomayo of Chulupíes name, formed of loosenings of Paraguayan tribes.
Several nomadic groups denominated montaraces existed.
All were of different linguistic origin and belonged to an economy hunting and recolectora.
Of religious documents of the time, it is rescued that the spiritual conquest of the settler natives of the region was authorized in 1.608/9, and initiated by the route Asunción - Tebicuary, by the Father Lorenzana, member of the Jesuita Company.
They raised ten reductions that lodged thousands of natives. Testimonies of so extraordinary work are the ruins, that still are conserved, like those of San Ignacio Miní, that were declared Cultural Patrimony of the Humanity by UNESCO.
They got to reunite 46,500 inhabitants in 1773, surpassing to Córdoba and Buenos Aires. But the expulsion of the jesuitas in 1767 caused its decay and collapses. The Company settled in this zone towards 1550-1551, being the P. Manuel de Lobrega who initiated the evangelización. Carlos I was reticent grant leave to the jesuitas to go to America. Felipe II also was reluctant. But in 1565 they appeared the first reductions of official character.
Father Roque González de Santa Cruz was accompanied in his evangelización by a native boy: Miguel de Ávila, and began the first Reduction on...."the lagoon that emptied in the river"... and that at the moment is understood it was the San José lagoon.
With their great development, the guaraníes reductions were transformed into competing forts of the near cities (like Asunción or Buenos Aires). In these, it began the malaise and the myth of the great wealth hoarded in the missions.
It called the attention that bought gold articles and silver to magnify the cult. Towards year 1776, the jesuitas towns passed their better moment of economic, social splendor and cultural, it was then when Carlos III ordered the expulsion of clergymen of the Company of Jesus of all its dominions. The order was fulfilled quickly and in substitution, Spanish Corona creates the Hispanic Province or Colonial Province of Misiones, of conformity to the Laws of Indians At the time of the Revolution of May in 1810, the missionaries went first in adhering to the Cause of the Emancipation in spontaneous form. The representatives of the town - neighboring characterized they met in a Meeting General, summoned by order of Don Tomás de Rocamora, to Temporary the Governing date of Misiones, pronouncing themselves unanimously in please the Revolution and solving that until then Hispanic Province, happens to denominate Revolutionary Province of Misiones.
As a result of the events of May and of which Paraguay did not adhere to them, a military expedition commanded by the General Belgrano is sent, who by the end of December of 1810, writes up in misioneras earth the "Regulation for the Natural ones of Misiones ", and leave in territories of the present city, a trimming of monitoring for the then well-known place like Rinconada of San José. Nevertheless, as a result of the defeat of the military expedition and to the definitive separation of Paraguay de las Provincias Unidas del Río de la Plata, signs a Treaty that seriously affected the territorial integrity of Misiones, locating to this region under Paraguayan dominion. Later, the 10 of September of 1814, the Supreme Director Don Gervasio Antonio de Posadas, creates the Province of Corrientes, to annexed which Misiones, and therefore the Rinconada de San José. But the Paraguayans were not arranged to give earth pacifically. Before a tenacious opposition, the figure arises from Andrés Guacurari, a guaraní adoptive son of the Eastern caudillo Gervasio de Artigas, who with an army of native presents/displays battle to the usurping occupants of the town, in Combate de Candlemas, the 12 of September of 1.815. Guacurarí Commander wins, respecting life of the won ones and recovering to Misiones of the Paraguayan dominion and the correntina possession. This autonomy would last few years, when disappearing the Indian Commander by to have be taken prisoneren of luso- Brazilian, the region returns to the dominion of the province from Corrientes that then it dictates the homologation of that Decree of Inns of year 1,814, making disappear materially of the Argentine map to Misiones, that in spite of everything manages to subsist in its rights by successive interprovincial treaties.
Towards 1840, Dn. Rodriguez de France, Paraguayan Dictator, very interested in protecting the commercial transit by the zone of the Rinconada de San José, orders the construction of a "Trench", using existing jesuíticos strong walls. In order to make this work, two hundred fifty men transporting material and tools cross a river Paraná. The trench took advantage of the topography this place, and was constructed in gross stone and extending by 2.5 km. Thus it crossed the present city, locking up an important extension of fields that were used like potreros for the property, that brought from the correntinos fields, they were crossed in "boats" to oar towards Paraguay. The denomination from "Trench of San José" arises therefore.
When finalizing the war with Paraguay, the town was inhabited by numerous Creoles, retailers or ex- soldiers, to whom arrived Spaniards got up themselves just, extending the small village from the port towards the present centric helmet.
Given the importance that acquired the town, the 8 of November of 1870, the Government of Corrientes promulgates the Law of Creation of the Department of Candelaria, designating to Trinchera of San José like seat of his authorities.
The town was increasing to its population with more retailers and employees public. The houses, towards 1871 were of walls of marinates and straw ceilings.
The first municipal elections are carried out the 13 of October of 1872 and according to the results the first Council Municipal of Trinchera de San José, presided over by Dn. is constituted Francisco Lezcano. In 1879, the correntina Legislature approves the initiative of the Executive authority and changes name of Trinchera San José by the Posadas (22 of September of 1879), in tribute to the Supreme Director who annexed this portion of territory missionary to that province and at the same time in which the port the 30 of Julio of 1884 was qualified, happened to be capital of the then territory of Misiones.
Federalizada as national government in 1881 began to immigrants, in its majority Polish and ucranianos. From year 1953, the city of Posadas is the provincial delegated authority and seat of the government of the federal power of the Republic, and five years later it sanctioned his Contitución.  |
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