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Argentina: Cuyo - San Rafael
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an Rafael, strategically located. Apparently, in the Holoceno the first hunting and recolectores inhabitants made their appearance, in the valley of the Atuel, with a the 300 dating of a.C.
According to the archaeological stories of the conquerors and findings, the Warpes or Huarpes, (located to the north of Diamante and partially the Atuel) and the Puelches Algarroberos or the Puelches de Cuyo (located from the south of these rivers towards the province of the Neuquén, originating of the Chilean region of the Maule), they were the inhabitants of the zone.
The incaico empire with the Pachacutec Inca at the top obtained its Maxima expansion in century XV. In its conquest they put under the native populations, that adopted many of their customs, such the maize clothes and cultures and quinoa.
The incaica influence on huarpes survives in some names, like the one of Bridge of the Inca, in the premountain range.
The Huarpes was physically high, velludos, of shoulders, wide, thin, of dark skin. They used the adorned long hair with pens.
Sometimes they píntaban the face of ceremonies with vegetal liquids. They were politeístas. The venerated and respected God more was Hunuc Huar. Also they adored to the sun, the stars, the moon and the rivers.
Its pacific attitude meant its fast reduction to them on the part of the Spaniards, to those who almost did not offer resistance. In the villages "machi" existed the presence of a called wizard.
Ëste was ordered to cure to the patients and to request protection to deads to make its trip to the mountain of Hunuc Huar.
The Puelches on whose they lived in the cordillerano zone on pedemonte. They were baptized with that name by the Araucanos and its name means "people of the east".
The Puelches was recolectores hunters and. They were fed on guanacos and ñandúes, later, with the arrival of the Spaniards, ate horses.
The used arms were the arc, the arrows and the boleadoras, later, by it influences of the araucanos, used lances. Between the seeds that they collected we found the carob bean, molle and the pinions of the araucaria.
Racially the Puelches comprised of the Huárpidos; sign of it is its aspect physicist: stops, thin, of extended and high head. Its skin was also of dye darker than the one of the other surrounding Indians.
The first Spaniards who entered the present mendocino territory did it to the orders of Francisco de Villagra, who descended from Peru by the route of the Tucumán.
Its objective era to add itself to Pedro de Valdivia in Chile, but, when finding the cordilleranos steps closed by the snow, encamped in 1551 in Huentota. There it united relation with the Huarpes and recognized the territory until the Diamante river. Found out Valdivia the good will of the Huarpes Indians, it began to grant charges to this side of the mountain range of the Andes.
In 1776, when it was created the Virreinato of the River of the Silver, Whose it happened to comprise of the new political structure, and the Andean mountain range, that until that moment had been a except forable natural obstacle, acquired the character of political border. The 5 of August of 1783, to instances of the virrey Vértiz, Whose it was integrated to Intendance of Cordova of the Tucumán, with seat in Cordova.
The foundation of San Rafael dates from year 1805, when the virrey Sobremonte established the fort of San Rafael, in the confluence of the rivers Atuel and Diamante. In 1810, the First Meeting arranged its transfer to the place known like 25 May where were Swiss colonies, Italian and French. This last one was the one that took the name from San Rafael.
Amalgamada by San Rafael, Gral. Alvear and Malargüe, the city of San Rafael and the environs are the regional center, offering next to the cities of Alvear and Malargüe all the tourist services and an important cultural, industrial and historical baggage.  |
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