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Argentina: Buenos Aires - La Plata
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he prevailing landscape is plain, slightly waved and humid grass, great plains without trees of natural growth, with a continuous and permanent carpet of grass that does not let see the ground. In this scene on coasts near the River of La Plata, certifica the presence from the paleolítico period, of nomadic groups. The found rest correspond to the Querandíes, nomadic, fishing and hunting Indians specialized, in addition to recolectores. The Spanish conquest makes
its irruption definitive, when king Carlos III created the Virreinatoof the River of La Plata the 1 of August of 1776 to defend to his colonies of the contraband and the foreign incursions. From its foundation in 1580, Buenos Aires had lived in the shade on vastísimo Virreinato of Peru and everything had to be approved before in Lima, its capital. From his it happened as head of the Virreinato no longer made lack travel thousands of kilometers in carts and on the back of mule to resort to Justice or to try to obtain some commercial permission. The 27 of April of 1880, chose to the called place Hills of the Cove of Barragán like the ideal site, entrusting to the provincial government the foundation of La Plata, name that the tradition attributes to the author of the Martín Iron, Jose Hernandez. The fundamental stone was placed the 19 of November of 1882, during the first presidency of Argentine Julio Rock, in which it would be his geographic center, the present Brown seat, soon guarded by the gorgeous municipal palace and the imposing gothic, reddish Cathedral to the brick being, turned one of the platenses symbols. It is the administrative center of the province, university seat and is next to the facilities of the complex harbor-industrialist and the frank zone of Cove, from where they divide ships of great openwork, in special oil tankers. La Plata is recognized by its square layout,its diagonals, their forest and by its seats, placed with exactitude in checkerboard each six blocks, having be its designer the Engineer Pedro Benoit. The harmonic plan with which the project was faced is one of the most excellent examples, at world-wide level, of the urbanism of century XIX, is so by the end of the same Century, La Plata was distinguished in the Fair the International of Paris with the prize to Modernity, given to Dart Rocha by Julio Verne. For that they enjoy the architecture and urbanism, La Plata is going them to hit: The buildings public are elevated on three fundamental axes: the one that draws avenues 51 and 53 and in perpendicular sense to streets 7 and 13. The House of Government, located as opposed to the Legislature, across of the seat San Martín, was projected by the Belgian Julio Doral. The building of the Municipality is one of most beautiful, is separated of the Cathedral by the Brown seat. At a first moment the population of La Plata was constituted by workers of working the demarcative commissions and of the construction, some retailers and their personnel; soon the workers of the brick-lime furnaces added themselves to them and he became necessary to construct to hotels and restaurants to lodge civil employees, travelers of commerce, journalists, tourists, peculiar and other occasional passengers. In March of 1884, to less of a year and means of the foundation, the population promoted 6,846 inhabitants. In the suburbs of the city the accomplishment of cuadreras races was very common (flat racing), the game of taba (a bone thrown to the air where it gains according to of which side falls) and the one of you displace them. Also fights of roosters could be seen. La Plata is today, seat of the National University of La Plata, the Catholic University and the University Argentina de Abogaci´a. Eminently university city, has in addition a Museum to Natural Sciences, that count on a prestigious department of paleontology and the Faculties of Architecture and Urbanism, Beautiful Arts, Agrarian and Forest Sciences, Geophysical Astronomy and, Economic Sciences, Exact Sciences, Legal and Social Computer science, Sciences, Natural Medicine, Sciences and Museum, Veterinary medicine, Humanities and Sciences of the Education, Engineering, Odontolgy, Journalism and Social Communication, and Superior School of Social Work.
In the month of October of 1998, UNESCO included to this city in a ready attempt among other four sites of the country, that aspire to reach the designation like Patrimony of the Humanity.  |
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